Abstract:
The burden of vaccine preventable diseases
and mortalities are still unacceptably high in
Narok County despite relatively high
vaccination coverage. The objective is to
determine factors associated with
discrepancies in vaccination coverage and
immunization coverage among 373 children
aged 12-23 months. This was a cross
sectional study that entailed determination of
vaccination coverage and serosurveillance of
Tetanus, Hepatitis B, and Measles using
blood serum. A stratified sampling technique
was used to sample children in the County.
Statistical data analysis was done in SASsoftware and regression performed using
Pearson-chi.
Results: 378 children aged 12-23 months
were sampled. The mean age of children was
15.3 (SD=3.7) months. Out of 378 children,
255 (67.5%) were aged <17 months.
195(51.6%) children were female. Children
with normal birth weight (≥2.5kgs) were 260
(68.8%) while 230 (60.9%) received
exclusive breastfeeding in the first six
months of life. Up to 225(59.5%) children
were fully vaccinated at health facilities
while 31(8.2%) children were fully
vaccinated at the outreach centers. Up to 127
(33.6%) children lived in houses with poor
ventilations and hygiene. Children with
acute/chronic infections during vaccination
period were 34.1% (129/278) and 119
(31.5%) had helminthes infestation. Up to
249 (83%) children were vaccinated for
measles dose one at the appropriate age of 9
month. Up to 119 (31.5%) children had
previous hospital admission in the last one
year. The Full vaccination coverage was
251(66.4%) while full immunization
coverage was 38.1% (144/378).
Discrepancies in vaccination coverage and
immunization coverage per age and vaccine
doses as were follows, respectively: MCV1
202(79.2%) versus 151 (59.2%) among
children <17 months and 98 (79.7%) versus
78 (63.4%) among aged ≥17 months;
Vaccination coverage for children who
received both MCV1 & MCV2 was
68(55.3%) while immunization coverage was
50.4% among aged ≥17 months. The
vaccination coverage for MCV2 was 8(6.5%)
while immunization coverage was 3 (2.4%).
For tetani vaccine: the vaccination and
immunization coverage were 185(72.5%)
and 133(52.2%) for those aged <17 months
who received all 3 doses while those aged
≥17 months was 86 (69.9%) and 71 (57.7%,
respectively. For children who received only
two DTP vaccine doses, vaccination
coverage was 32 (26%) and immunization
coverage was 22(8.6%) among those aged
<17 months while it was 6(6.5%) and 5
(8.6%) among aged ≥ 17 months,
respectively. The main factors associated
with discrepancies were birth weight ≥
2.5kgs (OR=1.7), vaccination at health
facility (OR=0.42), mixed breast feeding
(OR=0.09), and no mother/ child history of
helminthes infestation (OR=12.5).
Description:
Article Reseach Journal on Factors associated with discrepancies in vaccination and immunization coverage of
measles, tetani and hepatitis B among children aged 12-23 months in Narok County,
Kenya