DSpace 9
This site is running DSpace 9. For more information, see the DSpace 9 Release Notes.
DSpace is the world leading open source repository platform that enables organisations to:
- easily ingest documents, audio, video, datasets and their corresponding Dublin Core metadata
- open up this content to local and global audiences, thanks to the OAI-PMH interface and Google Scholar optimizations
- issue permanent urls and trustworthy identifiers, including optional integrations with handle.net and DataCite DOI
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- Demo Site Administrator = dspacedemo+admin@gmail.com
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Item type:Item, Characterization of ATP-dependent phosphofructokinase genes during ripening and their modulation by phytohormones during postharvest storage of citrus fruits (Citrus reticulata Blanco.)(Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 2024) Sophia Nyamusi Ochiki; Tianxin ChenThe level of sweetness in citrus fruit is crucial for consumer appeal and market competitiveness, determined mainly by soluble sugars and organic acids. ATP-dependent 6-phosphofructokinase is central to regulating sugar metabolism, yet its role in citrus fruit ripening and postharvest storage remains underexplored. We characterized phosphofructokinase genes in citrus, identifying eight genes classified into pyrophosphate-dependent phosphofructokinase (PFP) and ATP-dependent 6-phosphofructokinase (PFK) subgroups using phylogenetic analysis, genomic architectures, and protein motifs. Comparative genomic analysis with other plants highlighted significant protein homology among CitPFKs. The motif analysis indicated conserved phosphofructokinase domains in CitPFK sequences, with upstream promoter regions containing diverse cis-regulatory elements, most notably light-responsive (LREs). The gene expression profiling throughout fruit development and ripening revealed differential patterns, with responses to gibberellic acid and salicylic acid phytohormones during postharvest indicating their roles in regulating CitPFK genes. The analysis of the transcriptome showed high expression of ATP-dependent 6-phosphofructokinase 3 (CitPFK3) during fruit development, indicating a positive role in fruit maturation. Consequently, silencing CitPFK3 through virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) increased hexose sugar content, suggesting its function in sugar accumulation. These findings improve our understanding of PFKs in citrus, particularly CitPFK3’s pivotal role in regulating hexose sugar dynamics and their modulation by exogenous phytohormones after harvest. This study provides a foundation for optimizing soluble sugar regulation to enhance fruit quality and postharvest handling in citrus production.Item type:Item, The 'African-State' Sovereignty in the 21st Century on Spotlight: Building Paradigms(2013-12) Thomas Otieno, Juma; Oluoch, KenThe ‘African-state’ seems to be undergoing a major metamorphosis on the realization that it is sovereign. What need re-asking is; when did Africa become conscious of being sovereign? An aspect of sovereignty that has been overstressed is the concept of state sovereignty and to a lesser extent the citizen sovereignty. A paradigm must take place in the definition of sovereignty extending it to the third unofficial level- ‘individual sovereignty’ (leaders’ sovereignty). This paper analyzes sovereignty of the African state in the context of intervention by the International Criminal Court (ICC). In so doing, it raises the question on what direction this third level of sovereignty is likely to take. In its inner-core, the universality principle of UN: Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) strength is put on test. Is it going to stand with Africa’s new position with ICC which sort of think leaders rights are lightly addressed making them embarrassed before their subjects.Item type:Item, Devolution and Governance Conflicts in Africa: Kenyan Scenario(Public Policy and Administration Research, 2014) Otieno Juma, Thomas; Kipkemboi Rotich, Jacob; Simiyu Mulongo, LeonardThe interests on devolved system of government have increased over time in Africa. This paper looks at devolution and governance conflicts in Africa. The paper makes an attempt in assessing the likely conflicts from this system and possibly so their mitigations with the Kenyan scenario. The study applies the underlined objectives in achieving its goals. Ultimately, the paper will attempt to answer questions such as; what is devolution? Why devolution? What is the rationale of devolution? What are the likely conflicts inherent in devolution and governance in Africa from the global experience? What are the mitigations available and its prospects and challenges? Confusions linger as to whether devolution is decentralization or federalism. In tackling the objectives, this study tries to make clarity to these dilemmas.Item type:Item, Impact of Human Rights Organizations Reports in Shaping African States Foreign Relations(Research on Humanities and Social Sciences, 2013) Justin, Nyanshwa; Thomas Otieno, JumaIt is notable that Human rights constitute fundamental needs of human beings’ survival. The existence of human rights organizations is one of the steps in the right direction to ensure these rights are protected from violation, enhanced, and enshrined in each state’s constitutions. The International Human Rights bodies and Local chapters of Human Rights Organizations in different states should promote advocacies of these rights in enhancing coexistence among the citizens themselves, vis-à-vis the citizens and the state. Basing on the divine nature of any state in the field of International Relations and Diplomacy, it is therefore basic that the responsibility of any state can be measurable to the level at which it exercises the practice of human rights. On the basis of the core role of a state to human rights practice, the impact of International Human Rights Organizations’ reports can either portray the understanding of a state on the ‘coin scale’ towards its foreign relations. Using the African states, this paper will address how the reports of International Human Rights Organizations have helped shape their foreign relations.Item type:Item, System Failure Causes of Conflict in Africa as a Social Transformation(International Affairs and Global Strategy, 2016-05) Otieno Juma, Thomas; Oluoch, KenConflicts have many causes in societies among which system failure(s) have affected and continue to affect African societies in different ways. These sources as visibly observed have been part of the social degradation of many states in Africa’s early independence history. With 21st Century still experiencing this dilemma, within this high potential continent, a host of fundamental questions come under scrutiny and need to be re-asked. First, is social transformation a goal of every society? Second, does social transformation need to be in the light of systems failure and resultant conflicts? Third, what does the absence of social transformation mean? In arriving at acceptable conclusions, a major aspect to be probed by this paper will also include the genesis of system failures in African politics over the past many years. This paper opts to subject systems in equivalent weighing scale with an understanding that whether micro or macros, systems failure at their various levels have an effect to society’s functioning. With this in mind, in its inner core, it is argued that in identification exist solutions which gives a new social focus to the society (African states).