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Now showing 1 - 5 of 13

Recent Submissions

Analyzing The Use of Code Switching and Code Mixing in Joel Kimetto’s Songs
(International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), 2026-01) Anne Langat
Language is an important tool in our society and in human life in particular. It plays an essential function not only in communication but also in restoring and maintaining harmony in interpersonal relationships. The style in which language is used portrays a lot about the language users and the audience. This paper focuses on two major codes in language that have become common with language users in recent times. These are: code switching and code mixing. Language users have different reasons as to why they employ the two codes. Amongst some, the two codes could be used to display their creativity. This study specifically analyzed the use of code switching and code mixing in four of Joel Kimetto’s religious songs (Hatari Corona, Wolowoli, Rat Torosta & Kichigili). In his earlier songs, Joel Kimetto sang his lyrics using purely the Kipsigis language. In recent times, though, his songs are marked by switches and mixes from other languages, English, and Kiswahili. These two languages are the official languages in Kenya, with the Kiswahili language being recognized as the national language too. This explains why there is frequent and inevitable contact of these two languages and the Kenyan indigenous languages, resulting in code switching and code mixing by language users. The researcher was interested in highlighting the switches and mixes in Joel Kimetto’s songs, establishing the reasons why the artist uses them, and the attitude of the listeners towards their usage. The researcher listened to Joel Kimetto’s songs and described the switches and mixes. An interview with the artist was carried out to establish the reasons for the usage. A selected target population of 40 Kipsigis language respondents was picked, and a questionnaire was used to survey their attitudes towards the usage of code switching and code mixing in the selected Joel Kimetto’s songs.
Language Use in Ngũgĩ wa Thiong’o’s “Detained: A Writer’s Prison Diary”
(Addaiyan Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences, 2026) Anne Langat
Language is an important tool in our societyandinhuman life in particular. It plays an essential function not onlyincommunication but also in restoring and maintaining harmonyininterpersonal relationships. The style in which language is usedportrays a lot about the language users and the audience as well. InNgugi Wa Thiongo’s “Detained: A Writer’s Prison Diary”, thereisa distinctive usage of language that expresses his resistance totheoppression meted out to them by the colonizer and reinforces thetheme of cultural identity as well. This paper will examinethespecific instances of language use, such as Idioms, proverbs, codemixing, and switching, that were used to bring out the themes inhisbook. The researcher was interested in highlighting the different styles of language usage and further establishing the reasons whythe author used them. The research was primarily limited toNgugi wa Thiongo's Detained: A Writer's Prison Diary. The scope of theresearch was within the realm of Prison Narration. The researchwas Library based qualitative study involving close and in-depthanalysis of the selected text in order to bring out Ngugi’s language choices.
Water as a Source of Life and Death: A Comparative Analysis of Flood Myths among the Luo and Kalenjin Communities in Kenya
(Editon Consortium Journal of Literature and Linguistic Studies, 2026-02-13) Anne Chepkoech Langat; Cellyne Anudo; Jacqueline Kandagor
The purpose of this article is to address the limited scholarly engagement with African flood myths, particularly those of the Kalenjin and Luo communities of Kenya, despite their rich ecological, moral, and cosmological insights. Existing ecocritical studies have largely privileged Western mythologies, leaving Indigenous African narratives under-theorised within discussions of human–environment relations and contemporary ecological crises. The study adopts a qualitative comparative methodology grounded in ecocriticism, analysing selected oral accounts and published versions of Kalenjin and Luo flood myths associated with Lake Bogoria and Simbi Nyaima. Close textual reading is combined with contextual interpretation to examine symbolic representations of water and their ethical implications. The findings reveal that in both traditions, water functions as a moral and ecological agent that simultaneously sustains life and enacts destruction. Floods are represented as responses to human arrogance, inhospitality, and ecological transgression, while survival and renewal are linked to humility, hospitality, and moral balance. The myths operate as mnemonic landscapes and ethical frameworks that encode communal environmental values and regulate human conduct toward nature. The study concludes that Kalenjin and Luo flood myths articulate an Indigenous environmental ethic in which ecological harmony is inseparable from moral responsibility. It recommends the integration of African oral narratives into contemporary ecocritical discourse and environmental education, highlighting their significance in offering culturally grounded perspectives for addressing climate change and promoting sustainable human–environment relationships.
Uptake of cervical cancer screening and its associated factors among women of reproductive age in Kericho County
(PLOS Aging and Health, 2026) Joel Wanzala; Calvince Otieno Anino
Cervical cancer is a public health issue among reproductive-aged women worldwide. It is the second most common cancer among females and contributes to 12.9% of new cancer cases and 11.84% of all cancer deaths annually. Early detection and treatment can prevent and cure the disease. Screening among women has gained global attention since it’s a crucial step in early detection. This study investigated the level of uptake of cervical cancer screening and factors associated with the cervical cancer screening among women aged 18–49 years in Bureti Constituency, Kericho County. The study adopted an institution-based cross-sectional study design. The study used systematic random sampling technique to select 328 women aged 18–49 who attended maternal and child health clinic at Kapkatet Sub-County Hospital during study period. Data was collected using structured questionnaires, including sociodemographic, awareness and knowledge and screening uptake sections. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 26.0. Descriptive analyses were performed to all the variables. Binary logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess factors associated with cervical cancer screening. The uptake of cervical cancer screening was 16.2% (n=53, 95% CI: 10.5–23.4). We found that being 34 years and above (aOR = 1.43, 95% CI: 1.11–2.52, p<0.001), having a primary education (aOR = 3.20, 95% CI: 1.50–7.00, p=0.003), being self-employed (aOR = 5.20, 95% CI: 2.40–10.70, p<0.001), or unemployed (aOR =7.50, 95% CI: 2.45–25.00, p<0.001), and having a family history of cervical cancer (aOR = 2.10, 95% CI: 0.80–6.00, p=0.015) significantly increased the odds of screening uptake. In contrast, earning an income of Ksh. 2,001–5,000 (aOR = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.10–0.90, p=0.016) or> Ksh. 10,000 (aOR = 0.15, 95% CI: 0.06–0.33, p<0.001) significantly decreased the odds of screening. Additionally, poor knowledge on risk factors (aOR = 0.50, 95% CI: 0.28–0.65, p<0.001), signs and symptoms (aOR = 0.40, 95% CI: 0.10–0.70, p<0.001), and groups at risk (aOR = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.15–0.60, p<0.001) were all associated with lower odds of screening. Uptake of cervical cancer screening was influenced by multiple factors including socio-demographics and economic factors, awareness, and knowledge related factors. Thus, there is urgent need for intensified health education to enhance awareness and knowledge of women on cervical cancer and its screening.
Adherence to Dietary Recommendations and Associated Factors Among Adults Aged 40 Years and Older with Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study at Kericho County, Kenya
(Journal of Current Health Sciences., 2026-01-15) Florence Wandia; Joel Wanzala; Irine Chepngetich
Type 2 diabetes is a major public health problem globally. There are limited data on adherence to dietary recommendations and its associated factors among type 2 diabetes patients, especially in Kericho, Kenya. Therefore, this study assessed the level and factors associated with adherence to dietary recommendations among type 2 diabetes patients aged 40+ years in Kericho County. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Kericho County Referral Hospital in Kericho County, involving 414 type 2 diabetes patients aged 40+ years. Data was collected using validated and standardized structured questionnaires. SPSS version 26 was used to analyze data. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with dietary adherence. Out of 414 participants, only 43.5% had good adherence to dietary recommendations. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that participants aged 70 years and above (AOR: 10.99, 95% CI: 1.61 – 25.08, p = 0.014), attained tertiary/college education (AOR: 8.20, 95% CI: 1.61 – 19.04, p = 0.021), no comorbidity (AOR: 2.78, 95% CI: 1.30 – 5.93, p = 0.008), had not experienced any complication (AOR: 3.09, 95% CI: 1.37 – 6.99, p = 0.007) had higher odds of good adherence to the recommended diet. Additionally, respondents with over 10 years since being diagnosed with diabetes (AOR: 0.57, 95% CI: 0.27 – 0.78, p = 0.024), had not received diabetes nutritional education (AOR: 0.15, 95% CI: 0.08 – 0.59, p <0.001), and lived with more than five family members (AOR: 0.43, 95% CI: 0.19 – 0.87, p < 0.001) had a lower likelihood of good adherence to dietary recommendations. The rate of dietary adherence was found to be relatively low in Kericho County, and significantly influenced with age, education level, comorbidity, diabetesrelated complications, exposure to diabetes nutritional education and family structure. Provision and the implementation of structured and culturally tailored nutrition education using routine clinic-based counseling, standardized meal-planning guides, peer support groups, and regular dietitian follow-up to strengthen adherence and improve glycemic outcomes.