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Now showing 1 - 5 of 13

Recent Submissions

Relationship Between the Credit Risk Assessment and The Financial Performance of Tier-Two and Tier-Three Commercial Banks in Kenya
(East African Journal of Business and Economics, 2025-09-10) Cheboss Venus Jeptoo; Penina Langat; Raymond Kemboi
This study examined the relationship between credit risk assessment and the financial performance of tier-two and three commercial banks in Kenya. The research adopted a cross-sectional design targeting 312 top-level employees from 30 tier-two and tier-three banks, with a sample size of 175 respondents selected through simple random sampling. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results showed that while credit risk assessment practices were generally in place, the correlation with financial performance was positive but statistically insignificant (r = 0.057, p > 0.05). This indicates that although credit risk assessment is important, it alone may not significantly influence financial performance unless combined with other credit risk management strategies. The findings suggest that banks should not rely solely on assessment but enhance other practices for improved financial outcomes.
Exploring Contemporary Issues of Adolescent Pregnancies in Kenya: Further Analysis Of 2014 And 2020 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey Datasets Files
(International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research & Innovation, 2024-01) Calvince Anino; Joel Wanzala; Fredrik Wanyama; Collins Kirui
Background Adolescent pregnancy is a pressing issue with significant social and health consequences for both mothers and children, particularly in developing countries with limited access to quality healthcare. Despite policy and program interventions, adolescent pregnancies continue to have adverse outcomes. The examined trends and contemporary issues related to adolescent pregnancies in Kenya using data from the 2014 and 2020 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey datasets files. Methods Kenya Demographic and Health Survey datasets for 2014 and 2020 were used. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze trends in adolescent pregnancies, while binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with adolescent pregnancies. Results The study found a significant decrease in the prevalence of adolescent pregnancies from 18.8% in 2014 to 12.2% in 2020 (p 0.001), with a higher prevalence in rural areas. Over 70% of the pregnancies were unintended, and sexual initiation before the age of 15 was associated with a higher risk of pregnancy. Wealth status, education, access to healthcare, and household size were significantly associated with adolescent pregnancy. Conclusion The study observed a concerning rise in adolescent pregnancies, primarily affecting girls aged 15-19. This was driven by the interplay of socio-demographic, economic, and cultural factors, which greatly impacted rural and disadvantaged communities.
Determinants of Covid-19 vaccine uptake among the elderly aged 58 years and above in Kericho County, Kenya: Institution based cross sectional survey
(PLOS Global Public Health, 2023-09-12) Calvince Otieno Anino; Immaculate Wandera; Zachary Ondicho Masimba; Collins Kipkosgei Kirui; Carjetine Syallow Makero; Phanice Kerubo Omari; Philip Sanga
Hesitancy to Covid-19 vaccine is a global challenge despite the compelling evidence of the value of vaccine in preventing disease and saving lives. It is suggested that context-specific strategies can enhance acceptability and decrease hesitancy to Covid-19 vaccine. Hence, the study determined uptake and determinants of Covid-19 vaccine following a sustained voluntary vaccination drive by Kenyan government. We conducted institution based crosssectional survey of 1244 elderly persons aged 58 to 98 years in the months of January, February and March, 2022. A multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to investigate determinants of Covid 19 vaccine uptake. The predictor variables included socioeconomic and demographic characteristics, convenience and ease of access of the vaccine, collective responsibility, complacency and the three dimensions of confidence; trust in safety, trust in decision makers and delivery system. The findings are reported as the adjusted odd ratio (AOR) at 95% confidence interval (CI). Significant level was considered at p <0.05. The results from the multinomial logistic regression analysis indicated that advanced age and presence of chronic disease were associated with increased odds of doubt on Covid 19 vaccine, while long distance from vaccination centers was associated with increased odds of delay in vaccination. Overall, the findings of this study provided valuable insights into the factors influencing vaccine hesitancy among the elderly population in Kenya and will inform the development of targeted interventions to increase vaccine acceptance and uptake in this population.
Effects of Health Education and Nutrient Intake Interventions on the Prevention of Treatment Failure Among Patients With Active Tuberculosis in Kericho County, Kenya
(Journal of Education and Community Health, 2025-03-31) Kirui Collins Kipkosgei; George Makalliwa; Calvince Otieno Anino
Background: Treatment failure remains a significant challenge in the prevention and control of tuberculosis (TB) globally. Despite implemented strategies, TB remains a major cause of death worldwide. This study aimed to determine the effect of health education and nutrient intake intervention on treatment outcomes among patients with active TB. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted for positive deviance inquiry in TB treatment sites in both Bureti and Ainamoi sub-counties to assess the predictors of treatment failure among 216 patients who had undergone and completed treatment from June 2022 to December 2022. The findings from the inquiry were used to design an intervention on health education and nutrient intake. This quasi-experimental study included 192 patients with smear-positive sputum results at diagnosis, with each group having an equal number of participants. Results: Treatment success for the control and intervention groups was 77.2% and 93.5%, respectively. Negative medication experience had an increased likelihood of treatment failure (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]=3.080, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.139–10.844, P=<0.001). Not having a treatment adherence supporter had significantly higher odds of treatment failure (AOR=1.396, 95% CI: 1.053-1.825, P=0.033). After the intervention, the group that received health education and consumed nutrient-dense meals displayed significantly higher energy intake, protein intake, and fat intake (P<0.01) compared to the control group. Conclusion: Overall, health education and nutrient intake interventions had a positive influence on the treatment outcome of patients with active TB
Antioxidant Activity, Total Phenols, Flavonoids and LCMS Profile of Chamaecrista hildebrandtii (Vatke) Lock and Clerodendrum rotundifolium (Oliv.)
(European Journal of Medicinal Plants, 2019-02-18) Rechab S. Odhiambo; Patrick G. Kareru; Erastus K. Mwangi; Daniel W. Onyango
Aims: The purpose of the study was to determine the antioxidant activity, quantify total phenols and total flavonoids and characterize the secondary metabolites present in methanolic extracts of Chamaecrista hildebrandtii and Clerodendrum rotundifolium using liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Methodology: The total phenol and flavonoid contents were determined spectrophotometrically while the antioxidant activity was evaluated using the 2, 2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging method. The secondary metabolites present in the methanolic leaves extracts were evaluated using LC-MS. Results: The extracts of C. hildebrandtii showed a significantly higher antioxidant activity (IC50 = 8.7 mg/mL) compared to C. rotundifolium (IC50= 28.5 mg/mL). Both methanolic extracts of C. hildebrandtii and C. rotundifolium had common and different types of flavonoids such as quercetin, rutin, (+)-catechin 3-O-gallate and luteolin 6-C-glucoside among others that could be responsible for the observed antioxidant activity. The total phenolic content of C. hildebrandtii (1.33±0.07 mg/g tannic acid equivalents) was significantly higher than that of C. rotundifolium (0.25±0.00 mg/g tannic acid equivalents). However, there was no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) in total flavonoid content of C. hildebrandtii (2.69±0.33 mg/g catechin equivalents) and C. rotundifolium (2.36±0.16 mg/g catechin equivalents). Conclusion: The results of the present study suggested that the good antioxidant activity exhibited by C. hildebrandtii may probably have been brought about by various secondary metabolites functioning in synergy.