RP-School of Health Sciences
http://ir-library.kabianga.ac.ke/handle/123456789/113
This collection contains publications done by University of Kabianga scholars2024-03-29T10:58:02ZUse of Fish Somatic Indices to Assess Pollutant Exposure and Effects: A Case of Two Urban Rivers and a Wastewater Sedimentation Pond in Lake Victoria Basin
http://ir-library.kabianga.ac.ke/handle/123456789/792
Use of Fish Somatic Indices to Assess Pollutant Exposure and Effects: A Case of Two Urban Rivers and a Wastewater Sedimentation Pond in Lake Victoria Basin
Omondi, Cornel A.; Omondi, Reuben; Onyango, Daniel W.; Obegi, Faith O.; Gichana, Zipporah
Aquatic ecosystem health assessment is critical for early detection of disturbances and water
habitat degradation. This study assessed the ecological status of two urban rivers as well a
wastewater sedimentation pond in Kisumu City, Kenya using physico-chemical water quality
parameters and the African catfish, Clarias gariepinus somatic indices. Site association of somatic
indices was derived from Principal Component Analysis (PCA) whereas the relationship between
water quality parameters was examined by Redundancy Ordination Analysis (RDA). PCA results
revealed an increase in Gill Somatic Index (GSI) in the wastewater sedimentation ponds while
Fulton’s Condition Factor (CF) increased in the midstream of Auji river and Kisat river mouth.
Similarly, RDA showed that dissolved oxygen, temperature, total phosphorus, alkalinity and total
nitrogen influenced the condition indices upstream of Kisat river and up-stream and midstream of
Auji river. However more impact on somatic indices were recorded in the wastewater
sedimentation pond. Although specific pollutants other than the physico-chemical parameters were
not identified, application of somatic indices in the African catfish demonstrated that the two rivers
as well as the wastewater sedimentation pond were contaminated by pollutants that can
compromise the ecological health of the aquatic systems. The results of this study emphasized the
negative impacts of anthropogenic activities on the environment.
Research Article on Use of Fish Somatic Indices to Assess
Pollutant Exposure and Effects
2024-01-16T00:00:00ZUnveiling the hidden battle: Impact of Charlson comorbidities index on critical illness rate and mortality among hospitalized COVID-19 patients, comparing vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals in Kenya: A retrospective study
http://ir-library.kabianga.ac.ke/handle/123456789/789
Unveiling the hidden battle: Impact of Charlson comorbidities index on critical illness rate and mortality among hospitalized COVID-19 patients, comparing vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals in Kenya: A retrospective study
Elijah, Isinta M.; Kitagwa, W.; Halake, Dabo G; Wang, Youxin Youxin
Fatal outcomes were observed in hospitalized COVID-19 patients, particularly among those who were
unvaccinated and had comorbidities. Robust research is needed to validate these findings in both
vaccinated and unvaccinated groups. The study, involving 1792 COVID-19 patients, explored the links
between comorbidities and fatal outcomes. This single-center retrospective cohort study employed Cox
proportional hazard regression to analyze the impact of comorbidities on COVID-19 fatalities, adjusting
for age, sex, smoking and vaccination status. Males experienced severe illness (75%) or mortality
(76.8%). Notably, most people admitted to the ICU were over 31 years old (96.2%), with individuals over
60 years old facing the highest fatality rate (61.6%). The proportion of ICU admissions increased with
the Charlson Comorbidities Index (CCI), with CCI 1-3 at 51.0% and CCI >4 at 52.6%. Mortality linked to
CCI was 55.4% for CCI 1-3 and 52.6% for CCI >4. The risk of ICU admission and mortality both increased
with higher CCIs. Common comorbidities such as obesity, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, chronic
liver disease, chronic pulmonary obstructive disease, cancer/malignancy, chronic kidney disease and
hypertension predicted critical illness and mortality among COVID-19 patients. The area under the
receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC) for predicting critical illness was 0.90 (95% CI: 0.89-
0.93), and for mortality, it was 0.90 (95% CI: 0.88-0.91). Additional factors, such as HIV and rheumatoid
arthritis, independently predicted critical illness and mortality. The risk of critical illness and mortality
showed an increase with the Charlson Comorbidities Index, both among vaccinated and unvaccinated
individuals.
Article Journal in Unveiling the hidden battle: Impact of Charlson
comorbidities index on critical illness rate and mortality
among hospitalized COVID-19 patients, comparing
vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals in Kenya: A
retrospective study
2024-01-01T00:00:00ZExploring Contemporary Issues of Adolescent Pregnancies in Kenya: Further Analysis Of 2014 And 2020 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey Datasets Files
http://ir-library.kabianga.ac.ke/handle/123456789/788
Exploring Contemporary Issues of Adolescent Pregnancies in Kenya: Further Analysis Of 2014 And 2020 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey Datasets Files
Anino, Calvince; Wanzala, Joel; Wanyama, Fredrik
Background
Adolescent pregnancy is a pressing issue with significant social and health consequences for both mothers and children, particularly
in developing countries with limited access to quality healthcare. Despite policy and program interventions, adolescent pregnancies
continue to have adverse outcomes. The examined trends and contemporary issues related to adolescent pregnancies in Kenya using
data from the 2014 and 2020 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey datasets files.
Methods
Kenya Demographic and Health Survey datasets for 2014 and 2020 were used. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze trends in
adolescent pregnancies, while binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with adolescent pregnancies.
Results
The study found a significant decrease in the prevalence of adolescent pregnancies from 18.8% in 2014 to 12.2% in 2020 (p 0.001),
with a higher prevalence in rural areas. Over 70% of the pregnancies were unintended, and sexual initiation before the age of 15 was
associated with a higher risk of pregnancy. Wealth status, education, access to healthcare, and household size were significantly
associated with adolescent pregnancy.
Conclusion
The study observed a concerning rise in adolescent pregnancies, primarily affecting girls aged 15-19. This was driven by the interplay
of socio-demographic, economic, and cultural factors, which greatly impacted rural and disadvantaged communities.
Article Journal on Contemporary Issues of Adolescent Pregnancies in Kenya: Further Analysis Of 2014 And
2020 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey Datasets Files
2024-01-01T00:00:00ZInfluence of Psycho Social Issues on Intentional Organophosphates SelfPoisoning among Persons Aged 15-30 Years in Kericho County, Kenya
http://ir-library.kabianga.ac.ke/handle/123456789/787
Influence of Psycho Social Issues on Intentional Organophosphates SelfPoisoning among Persons Aged 15-30 Years in Kericho County, Kenya
Sigey, Langat K.; Mibei, Eric; Cheruiyot, Daniel Kipngeno
Aims: The aim of this study was to assess factors influencing psychosocial issues on intentional
organophosphate self-poisoning among persons aged 15-30 years in Kericho County, Kenya...
Study Design: The study adopted prospective cross-sectional study design and purposive
sampling technique.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in 3 level 4 health facilities (Kericho
County Referral Hospital, Kapkatet Sub- County Hospital and Sigowet Sub- County Hospital) in
Kericho County, Kenya. Which were systematically sampled base on the highest monthly workload
one year prior to the study period. The Study was carried out between December 2021 and March
2022 Methodology: The study involved 100 participants ranging in age from 15 to 30 years old (88
males and 12 females). It was a study of all cases of intentional organophosphate self- poisoning,
relied majorly on the diagnosis made by clinicians and doctors at emergency departments.
Participants were chosen based on the presenting symptoms and history from the respondents. All
respondents brought to hospital presenting to emergency department with a history of intentional
organophosphate self- poisoning were recruited for the study depending on their eligibility where
only respondents who were admitted and recovered after treatment were enrolled after signing or
assenting to the consent voluntarily.
Results: A sampled of 100 participants were eligible and managed to have 100% response rate.
According to the findings of the study, there was a statistical relationship between the parameters
since the chi square value were 0.001 which was less than the standard p value which is 0.05 at
95% confidence interval. Bivariate analysis showed a strong positive correlation was found between
self-poisoning and easy access to organophosphate (p<0.05, r=0.631). There was a positive
correlation between psychosocial issues organophosphate intentional self-poisoning. This indicated
that mental disorders and physically disabled individuals tended to self-harm with organophosphate
poisons.
Conclusion: Train and employ more psychological counselors to be deployed to the villages and
initiate psychiatric screening programmes to facilitate the counseling and screening of those who
are at the risk of self-poisoning early enough. This is in commensurate with mental health
amendment bill June 2022 which has been passed by senate to give way for county government to
provide for prevention, care, treatment and rehabilitation of persons with mental illness.
Article Journal on Influence of Psycho Social Issues on
Intentional Organophosphates SelfPoisoning among Persons Aged
15-30 Years in Kericho County, Kenya
2023-01-01T00:00:00Z